bash: ./script.sh: Permission denied
PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied
EACCES: permission denied

Your user account doesn’t have permission to read, write, or execute the file or directory.

Fix 1: Make a Script Executable

# ❌ Script isn't executable
./script.sh  # Permission denied

# ✅ Add execute permission
chmod +x script.sh
./script.sh

Fix 2: Wrong File Ownership

# Check who owns the file
ls -la file.txt

# Change ownership to your user
sudo chown $USER:$USER file.txt

# Or change ownership recursively
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /path/to/directory

Fix 3: Need sudo

# ❌ Writing to a system directory
echo "data" > /etc/myconfig  # Permission denied

# ✅ Use sudo
echo "data" | sudo tee /etc/myconfig

Don’t use sudo for everything — only when you actually need root access.

Fix 4: SSH Key Permissions

# ❌ SSH key has wrong permissions
ssh user@host  # Permission denied (publickey)

# ✅ Fix key permissions
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_rsa
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
chmod 700 ~/.ssh

Fix 5: npm Global Install

# ❌ Installing global packages without permission
npm install -g typescript  # EACCES

# ✅ Fix npm permissions
mkdir ~/.npm-global
npm config set prefix '~/.npm-global'
echo 'export PATH=~/.npm-global/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

Fix 6: Docker Permission Denied

# ❌ Can't run docker commands
docker ps  # Permission denied

# ✅ Add your user to the docker group
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
# Log out and back in

Quick Reference

# Read/write/execute for owner only
chmod 700 file

# Read/write for owner, read for others
chmod 644 file

# Check current permissions
ls -la file

# Check who you are
whoami

Related resources

• Linux permission denied bash fix
• EACCES permission denied npm fix
• Docker permission denied fix
• Git permission denied publickey fix